Zakir Hussain

印度塔布拉鼓（tabla）堪稱打擊之王，表演者用指和掌在一對結(jié)構(gòu)精密的塔布拉鼓上，翻飛出精妙絕倫的復(fù)雜節(jié)奏。它需要表演者具有高超的演奏技巧，以及對印度古典音樂的深刻理解。而出生于印度孟買的塔布拉鼓大師扎克爾?侯賽因無疑是當(dāng)今公認(rèn)的塔布拉鼓第一人，其表演聰慧又充滿激情。 　　早年，他曾師從塔布拉鼓大師烏斯塔德?阿拉?拉罕（Ustad Alla Rakha），被認(rèn)為是塔布拉鼓的天才兒童。他從12歲起，便開始跟隨著歷史上最著名的印度音樂家們遍游全球。如今他每年的音樂會不少于160場。 　　作為一個(gè)嚴(yán)肅的印度古典音樂家，他不僅僅在印度受到了廣泛的認(rèn)同，成為“國寶”，在世界范圍內(nèi)也堪稱頂尖，他參與的現(xiàn)代音樂項(xiàng)目不勝枚舉，其中包括與Mickey Hart共同創(chuàng)作了格萊美獲獎專輯《地球鼓》（Planet Drum）；參與制作1996年亞特蘭大奧運(yùn)會開幕式音樂；與紐約前衛(wèi)音樂制作人比爾?拉斯韋爾（Bill Laswell）共同組建了世界音樂領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的超級樂團(tuán)Tabla Beat Science；以及在著名大提琴演奏家馬友友領(lǐng)銜的《絲綢之路》中，與他同臺表演…… 　　扎克爾是個(gè)繼印度西塔琴大師拉維?香卡（Ravi Shankar）后，又一位把印度古典音樂成功帶到世界面前，并贏得廣泛尊重的偉大藝術(shù)家，也是世界音樂征服全世界的進(jìn)程中的旗手人物。1999年，他從當(dāng)時(shí)的美國第一夫人希拉里手中領(lǐng)得當(dāng)年的“民族基金”，這一旨在褒獎傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)領(lǐng)域中最負(fù)聲望者的榮譽(yù)。
The tradition of Indian percussion has been revolutionalized by tabla player Zakir Hussain. The son of Ustad Allah Rakha, the long time collaborator of Ravi Shankar, Hussain has inherited his fathers quest for bringing the music of India to the international stage. His recording credits include albums with George Harrison, Joe Henderson, Van Morrison, Jack Bruce, Tito Puente, Pharoah Saunders, Billy Cobham, the Hong Kong Symphony and the New Orleans Symphony. His work with Mickey Hart of The Grateful Dead have included performances and albums with the Diga Rhythm Band and Planet Drum. Hussain joined with British guitarist John McLaughlin and Indian violinist L. Shankar to form the east-meets-west supergroup, Shakti, in 1975. Although the group disbanded in 1978, they reunited to tour as Remember Shakti in 1998. Hussain has been equally successful as a bandleader. During the 1980s, he toured with Zakir Hussains Rhythm Experience. His debut solo album, Making Music, released in 1987, was called one of the most inspired East-West fusion albums ever recorded. In 1992, Hussain launched a record label, Monument Records, that focused on Indian music. A lengthy list of awards have been bestowed upon Hussain throughout his career. In 1988, he became the youngest percussionist to be awarded the title Padma Shri by the Indian government. Two years later, he recieved the Indo-Ameican award in tribute to his contributions to furthering relations between the United States and India. Planet Drum, an album co-produced with Hart in 1992, received a Grammy for best world music album, a NARM Indie Best Seller award and won the Downbeat Critics Poll for Best world music album. Still a youngster when he began to attract attention with his virtuosic playing, Hussain began his musical career at the age of seven and was touring by the age of twelve. In 1970, he made his American debut as accompanist for Ravi Shankar. Three years later, he became the leader of the Tal Vadya Rhythm Band. The group subsequently evolved into the Diga Rhythm Band. In 1976, the band collaborated on a self-titled album with Mickey Hart. Hussain has performed on the soundtracks of numerous films including Apocalypse Now!, In Custody and Little Buddha. At the 1983 Cannes Film Festival, he was nominated for an award as composer and music director of the film, Heat And Dust.